SPEAKING (REAL WORLD)
EXPLAINING AND
PARAPHRASING
Which
simply/just/basically means
And
what it/this/that means is
What
I mean by that is
By
which I mean
What
I’m trying to say is
Which
is to say
To
put it simply,
That
is to say,
Or
to put it another way,
In
other words,
i.e
meaning
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BEING TACTUFUL
Using
past forms (We were planning to go to the cinema tomorrow)
Using
modals (It could have been a bit hotter/I´d go for black instead if I were
you)
Using
vague language (We must all get together some time/ It was sort of
interesting in parts/The steak was on the tough side.
Not
sounding negative (I think darker colours suit you better/I´ve seen better
performances)
Using
adverbs of attitude (Quite honestly, I´ve seen better performances/Unfortunately,
the steak was…)
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CONVERSATIONAL
STRATEGIES
Including
someone in the conversation (You look dubious, Hope/You´re very quiet, Waldo)
Adding
something to the argument (Not to mention…/And of course there´s always…)
Stressing
an important point (That´s exactly what I was trying to get at/That´s
precisely what I mean)
Encouraging
someone to continue (Carry on, Cande. You were saying?/What were you about
/going to say?)
Justifying
what you say (All I´m saying is…/What I´m trying to say is…)
Getting
the conversation back on track (Anyway, assuming you do want promotion…/ To
get back to what I was saying about…
Saying
you agree with someone (I´m with you on that/I´d go along with that)
Conceding
someone is right (You´ve got me there!/Well, I can´t disagree with that)
Disagreeing
politely (Oh, I don´t know about that/ Actually, I´m not sure you can say
that)
Asking
someone to say more about a topic (By intelligence you mean…?/What do you
mean when you say intelligence?)
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PRESENTING
INFORMATION
To
make the first point (First of all/Let´s start with/by…)
To
refer to a point made earlier (As I said before/To go back to…/To return to
something I mentioned earlier…)
To
signal a new point (Now I´ll talk about…/Let´s move on to…/Leaving that aside
for a moment…)
To
summarise what´s been said so far (So to sum up…/Just to recap…)
To
signal the last point/bring the talk to an end (In conclusion…/Last but not
least…/And finally…)
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SOUNDING INTERESTED
To
sound interested in what someone is saying: Really? Is that right?
To
agree with someone´s opinion: Indeed (not It´s true)
To
agree with someone´s opinion: You´re right!
To
show strong agreement with someone: Of course! / well of course!
Echo
questions (similar to talk questions):
I
love snails. Do you? / She hasn´t called me yet. Hasn´t she?
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SIGNPOSTING IN AN
ANECDOTE
To
start the story: I remember once (when)
To
continue: So then what happened next is-was/ so the next thing is-was
To
finish the story: Anyway, in the end…
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INTRODUCING IDEAS
AND OPINIONS
Well,
to be honest/ To be honest.
The
thing is…
It´s
like (informal)
All
I´m saying is/All I´m trying to say is
What
I´m trying to say is…
Of
course there´s always (to introduce an idea or make a suggestion)
e
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FILLERS WHEN
TELLING ANECDOTES
Well/You
know/Kind of/Like (be careful not too overuse this
expressions)
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MAKING YOUR POINT
IN DISCUSSIONS
I mean
I reckon (informal)
That´s my point
Just because…doesn´t mean.
You´re quite right.
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